SS-31
Also known as: Elamipretide, Bendavia
Mitochondrial-Targeted Peptide | Cardiolipin Protector
Overview
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that selectively binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function for enhanced cellular energy production.
Key benefits
- Directly protects mitochondria
- Improves cellular energy production (ATP)
- Reduces oxidative damage
- Enhances exercise capacity
- Excellent safety profile in clinical trials
- Cardioprotective effects
Mechanism of action
Selectively binds to cardiolipin in inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function. This improves ATP production and reduces oxidative damage at the mitochondrial level.
Molecular data
- Type
- Aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide
- Half-life
- ~2 hours
Indications
What the research community uses this compound for, with self-reported effectiveness.
Mitochondrial
Cardiovascular
Anti-Aging
Dosing protocols
Common protocols by delivery method. Adjust the curve below to model accumulation in your own cycle.
Delivery method
| Protocol | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | 5-10mg | Once daily | — |
| — | 10-20mg | Once daily pre-workout | — |
| — | 40mg | Once daily | — |
| — | 0.25mg/kg/hr | Continuous infusion | — |
Delivery method
| Protocol | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | 0.5-1% cream/gel | Twice daily | — |
Safety
Reported adverse effects, contraindications, and what to monitor on cycle.
Common side effects
- Excellent safety profile in clinical trials
- No significant side effects reported at therapeutic doses
- Mild injection site reactions possible
- Safe for long-term use based on current data
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to peptides
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding (limited data)
Monitoring
- Injection site reactions
- Energy levels and fatigue
- Exercise tolerance
- No known drug interactions
References
Primary literature and clinical-trial data informing this entry.